[Contamination of urine collected for cytobacteriological examination: situation in a university hospital in Morocco]. / Contamination des urines prélevées pour examen cytobactériologique : situation dans un centre hospitalier universitaire au Maroc.

The pre-analytical step of the cytobacteriological examination of urine (CBEU) is one of the most critical in microbiology. The objectives of our study were to determine the rate of urinary contamination and to analyze the factors that would facilitate this in order to propose solutions to this problem. METHOD: This is a 26-month descriptive study including all CBEU requests to our laboratory. Urine was treated in accordance with the recommendations of the medical microbiology recommendations. Urine was considered contaminated in the case of polymorphic culture with at least three different types of germs with a count from 103 CFU/mL. RESULTS: We collected 16,412 CBEU requests. Urine was contaminated in 4,830 cases (29.43%). Of the contaminated urine, 39.23% (n=1,895) was from emergency departments, 79.44% (n=3,837) was collected in the middle of the stream, 69.83% (n=3,373) was from a female patient and 16.34% (n=789) was from children under the age of 5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: To reduce urine contamination, quality instructions describing sampling procedures should be available and samples in the middle of the stream and through the collection adhesive bags should be replaced by sus-pubic puncture samples in children, whenever the profit/risk ratio of this method is favourable.

Epidemiological profile of funguria in a university hospital in Oujda, Morocco.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The presence of yeasts in the urine is not synonymous with urinary tract infection since it can result in simple colonization or contamination. Regarding this, it is required to further clarify the epidemiological profile of funguria. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to establish the epidemiology of funguria in the Mohammed VI Teaching Hospital of Oujda, Morocco. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted on all urine samples sent for cytobacteriological examination to a microbiology laboratory over a period of 28 months (i.e., from March 2016 to June 2018). After the removal of duplicates, the urine samples were treated according to the recommendations of the medical microbiology standards. RESULTS: A total of 15,165 urine samples were collected. Urinary colonization accounted for 4.94% (n=749) of cases. The infections of the urinary tract accounted for 5.35% (n=811) of cases. Microbial isolates (n=1,669) in colonization and urinary tract infections were dominated by bacteria (93.47%, n=1,560). Furthermore, the yeasts accounted for 6.53% (n=109) of the isolates. Candida albicans was isolated from 56.88% (n=62) of funguria cases. The risk factors for funguria in our series were essentially old age, admission to intensive care unit, and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSION: The current level of knowledge about the clinical situations leading to funguria with the improvement and popularization of efficient identification techniques for yeasts other than C. albicans should redress the epidemiology of funguria. This should allow the knowledgeable societies to establish the rules of interpreting the cytobacteriological examination of the urine in case of funguria, as for bacteriuria.

[A flowchart is always useful: application to the interpretation of the cytobacteriological examination of urine]. / Un logigramme est toujours utile : application à l'interprétation de l'examen cytobactériologique des urines.

The cytobacteriological examination of urine (CBEU) is the most prescribed test in a microbiology laboratory. The objectives of this work were to present our experience in carrying out the CBEU and to share one of the means that we consider very useful in the daily practice of this crucial analysis. This is a 28-month prospective study (March 2016 to June 2018). The CBEU was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the medical microbiology referential (REMIC). Antibiotic susceptibility was studied in accordance with the recommendations of the l'European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (EUCAST). Cultures were positive for urinary tract infection in 5.09% (n=769) of cases and for colonization in 4.88% (n=737) of cases. E. coli alone accounted for 57.8% (n=850) of all isolates. In our experience, the display of the interpretation flowchart at the bench level, as well as the availability of clinical information and cytology results when examining urocultures, allows our technicians to decide, independently, what action to take for each CBEU according to the particular context of the patient for whom it has been prescribed. Similarly, this flowchart allows the unique microbiologist in the laboratory to contextually interpret each CBEU.

Comparison between Roche Integra 400 plus and Abbott Architect ci8200 in Alanine aminotransferase assay.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this work is to present the results of a comparative study between the ALT assay on Integra 400 plus Roche Diagnostic versus Architect ci8200 of Abbott Diagnostic. METHODS: A total of 200 patients hospitalized in the various departments of the university hospital Mohammed VI of Oujda were prospectively tested on two systems: Abbott Architect ci8200 and Roche Integra 400 plus. Both analyzers use the spectrophotometric technique by coupling the transamination reaction to the oxidation-reduction reaction at NAD. The agreement of the results between the different techniques was evaluated using the Bland-Altman difference diagram and the Passing-Bablok and Deming regression line. RESULTS: There was a high concordance between the two assays: the equation of the Passing-Bablok line is YArchitect â€‹= â€‹-0,5625 â€‹+ â€‹0,9917 XIntegra with a correlation coefficient r2 = 0.999. The Bland-Altman diagram shows that the mean bias between the two methods is of the order of 1.1 IU/L and the difference between the ALT measurements by Architect and Integra is in the range of -1.4 to 3.6. CONCLUSION: Our study shows a high correlation of the ALT assay results between the architect ci8200 and Integra 400 plus.

Gaucher Disease: An Underdiagnosed Pathology in the Eastern Moroccan Population.

Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disease. It corresponds to a congenital deficit in ß-glucocerebrosidase. This pathology should be considered in the presence of unexplained splenomegaly, with or without signs of haemorrhage, skeletal manifestations or hepatomegaly. The diagnosis is based on the measurement of the ß-glucocerebrosidase activity but the preanalytical process should be respected in order to avoid the under-diagnosis of this disorder and the delay of its management. We report two cases of Gaucher disease collected at Mohammed VI University Hospital and Al Farabi regional hospital in Oujda. We have emphasized the need for a reference center for overload diseases.

A Rare Case of Non-Secretory Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Non-secretory myeloma (NSM) is a rare form of myeloma. It is defined as monoclonal plasmocytic proliferation of the bone marrow with the same clinical and radiological manifestations of myeloma. However, plasma cells are unable to secrete immunoglobulin (serum and urinary electrophoresis are negative and free light chain measurement is unquantifiable). This variant of multiple myeloma (MM) usually poses a diagnostic challenge to the biologist and clinician. We report a rare case of non-secretory myeloma in a 76-year-old patient who was diagnosed at the Mohammed V University Hospital Center in Oujda, Morocco.

[Comparative study of the serum measurement of PTH on Roche Cobas e411® versus the Abbott Architect ci8200®]. / Étude comparative du dosage de la PTH sérique sur Architect ci8200® versus Cobas e411®.

Parathormone (PTH) is the main hormone of phosphocalcic homeostasis. It is synthesized and secreted by the parathyroid glands. PTH has become a routine test in the medical biology laboratory. However, its measurement presents analytical difficulties with the various marketed kits. The aim of this work is to present the results of a comparative study between the PTH measurment on Abbott architect ci8200 and on Roche's Cobas e411 automaton. It is a prospective study carried out for 252 hospitalized patients in the various departments of the University Hospital Center Mohammed VI of Oujda. The "intact" PTH tests were performed on two automata: Abbott Architect ci8200 and Roche Cobas e411. The first uses chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. The second uses electrochemiluminiscence sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The agreement of the results between the different techniques was evaluated using the Bland-Altman difference diagram and the Passing-Bablok and Deming regression line (MedCalc software version 14.8.1.0®). By analyzing the diagram of Bland-Altman, we note that the average bias between both methods is of the order of 193.9 pg/mL. As for the equation of the right of Passing-Bablok, it is: Y(Architect) = 3.11 X (Cobas) - 12.26. In conclusion, our study shows a great discrepancy between the results of the PTH assay on the Architect ci8200 versus the Cobas e411, hence the biologist's indisputable role in the control and evaluation of the kits marketed through the various validation tests.